Understanding Autism in Adults

 Autism, also known as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a neurodevelopmental condition that can affect individuals throughout their lives, though many adults may not be diagnosed until later in life. As awareness of autism increases, more adults are discovering that their experiences align with traits of autism, leading to new diagnoses or self-recognition of neurodivergent tendencies.

How Autism Presents in Adults

Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental condition, and while its exact causes remain unclear, research points to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Autism tends to run in families, suggesting a strong genetic component. While no single gene is responsible for autism, a combination of genetic mutations or variations is thought to increase the likelihood of developing the condition.

For adults, recognising the signs of autism may come through self-awareness or professional diagnosis. Some adults may not have been diagnosed earlier in life due to limited understanding of the condition during their childhood, or because they have developed adaptive behaviors to cope with societal expectations.

What Autism Looks Like in Adults

Autism manifests differently in each individual, which is why it’s known as a spectrum disorder. While some adults may face significant challenges, others may display milder symptoms that may go unnoticed or be mistaken for other conditions. However, there are common characteristics that many adults with autism share:

1. Social Interaction Difficulties: 

Many adults with autism struggle with social interactions. Common challenges include:

- Difficulty understanding social cues, body language, or facial expressions.

- Finding it hard to maintain conversations or build relationships.

- Experiencing social fatigue or anxiety in group settings.

2. Communication Challenges: 

Some adults with autism experience communication difficulties, such as:

- Difficulty interpreting nuances in conversation, like sarcasm or metaphors.

- A tendency to speak in a literal manner or struggle with non-verbal communication.

- Preferring clear, structured communication rather than small talk.

3. Repetitive Behaviours and Routines: 

Many adults with autism rely on specific routines and may engage in repetitive behaviors. These might include following a strict daily schedule, and becoming stressed when routines are disrupted. As well as repetitive physical movements or habits, such as tapping or fidgeting.

4. Sensory Sensitivities: 

Adults with autism often experience heightened or diminished sensitivity to sensory stimuli. This can include discomfort or overwhelm from loud noises, bright lights, or strong smells. Other adults may seek out calming sensory input, like specific textures or sounds.

5. Focused Interests: 

A common characteristic of autism is having intense and specialized interests. Adults with autism may develop deep knowledge or expertise in certain areas, sometimes to the exclusion of other topics.

Living Positively with Autism

While autism presents unique challenges, it’s possible to lead a fulfilling and rewarding life. Adults with autism can take steps to ensure that the diagnosis does not hinder their quality of life. A crucial part of this process involves accepting and understanding autism. By embracing it rather than resisting, adults can live a more empowered and fulfilled life. The more knowledge and understanding they have, the easier it becomes to navigate life positively.

Although accepting a diagnosis of autism or neurodivergence may feel daunting at first, it’s important not to let it define or limit your life. Instead, view it as a source of strength and empowerment. By understanding yourself more deeply, you can use your unique abilities to thrive. Just like anything else, we succeed when we recognise our strengths and use them to our advantage. Inner Space Therapy offers therapy, but also information sessions about autism and how best to manage it. To learn more about autism and strategies, reach out to Inner Space Therapy.